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The function of pressure relief valves and bypass valves

Oct 14,2024

In mechanical and fluid control systems, pressure relief valves and bypass valves are two crucial components that play different roles in ensuring the stable operation and safety of the system. This article will discuss the functions of pressure relief valves and bypass valves and their applications in different fields.

Function of Pressure Relief Valves:

As the name suggests, a pressure relief valve is mainly used to limit the pressure in a system or device to prevent it from exceeding the preset safety value. Its main functions are as follows:

Equipment Protection: In mechanical equipment such as engines, pressure relief valves can adjust and control the oil pressure in the main oil passage to prevent damage to engine components due to excessive pressure. Especially during cold starts, the oil viscosity is high, which easily causes the gear pump to overload. The pressure relief valve prevents the gear pump from being damaged by excessive load by limiting the oil pressure.

Maintaining System Stability: Pressure relief valves also play an important role in braking systems. For light vehicles with a high center of gravity and a large wheelbase ratio, the pressure relief valve ensures that after the pressure in the front and rear actuating lines increases synchronously to a certain value, the pressure of the rear wheels is automatically limited to a certain level to ensure that the front wheels lock and skid first, thereby meeting the requirements of braking stability.

Pressure Adjustment: Pressure relief valves can also automatically adjust the pressure according to system requirements, maintaining it within a reasonable range. This helps optimize system operating efficiency and extend equipment life.

Function of Bypass Valves:

Bypass valves are usually installed on bypass pipes and are mainly used to bypass a certain part of the main system or equipment under specific circumstances to achieve pressure balance or flow regulation. Their main functions include:

Emergency Backup: In fluid control systems such as air conditioning systems, bypass valves are often used as part of a backup pipeline. When the pressure reducing valve, steam trap, or other equipment in the main system malfunctions or requires maintenance, the bypass valve can be opened to keep the system running, ensuring the continuity and stability of the equipment.

Preventing Blockage: In lubrication systems, another important function of bypass valves is to prevent oil supply interruption caused by coarse filter clogging. When the coarse filter is clogged, the oil can directly pass through the bypass valve into the main oil passage, ensuring lubrication of various friction surfaces and preventing equipment damage due to insufficient oil supply.

Flow Regulation: In some systems, bypass valves can also control the flow rate by adjusting the valve opening according to the sensing results of the pressure differential controller. For example, in an air conditioning system, the bypass valve can automatically adjust the valve opening according to the water pressure difference between the collector and the distributor to achieve the purpose of regulating the water flow.

Conclusion:

In summary, pressure relief valves and bypass valves play an indispensable role in mechanical and fluid control systems. Pressure relief valves protect equipment from damage and maintain system stability by limiting system pressure, while bypass valves, as key components of backup pipelines and flow regulation, ensure that the system can still operate normally in emergencies. The collaborative work of the two provides strong guarantees for the stable operation of the system. Both pressure relief valves and bypass valves play crucial roles in engine lubrication systems, braking systems, and air conditioning systems.